Example of Explanation Text

Global Warming

          Global warming is the increase in the average temperature of the earth’s near-surface air and ocens in recent decades and its projected continuation. The global average air temperature near the erth’s surface 0.74 ± 0,18°C (1,33 ± 0,32°F) during the 100 years ending in 2005.

          The intergovernmental panel on climate change (IPCC) concludes  “most of  the observed increase in globally averaged temperature s since the mid-20^th century is very likely due to the  observed increase in anthropogenic greenhouse gas concentrations “ via the greenhouse effect. Natural phenomena such as solar variation combined with volcanoes probably

Had a small warming effect from pre-industrial times to  1950 and a small cooling effect from 1950 onward.These basic conclusions have been endorsed by at least 30 scientific societies and academies of scence,including all of the national academies of science of the major industrialized countries.While individual scientists have voiced disagreement with some findings of the IIPC,the  overwhelming majority of scientists working on climate change agree with the IPCC’s main conclusions.

          Climate model projections summarized by the IPCC indicate that average global surface temperature will likely rise a further 1.1 to 6.4⁰C (2.0 to 11..5⁰F) during the 21^st century. The range of values results from the use of differing scenarios of future greenhouse gas emissions as well as models with differing climate sensitivity. Although most studies focus on the period up to 2100, warming and sea level rise are expected to continue for more than a thousand years even if greenhouse gas leves are stabilized. The delay in reaching equilibrium is a resul of the large heat capacity of the oceans.

          Increasing global temperature will cause sea level to rise, and is expected to increase the intensity of extreme weather event and to change the amount and pattern of precipitation. Other effects of global warming include changesin agricultural yields, trade routes, glacier retreat, species extinctions and increases in the ranges of disease vectors.

          Remaining scientific uncertainties include the amount of warming expected in the future, and how warming and related changes will vary from region to region around the globe. Most national governments have signed and ratified the Kyoto protocol aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions, but there is ongoing political and public debate worldwide regarding what, if any, action should be taken to reduce or reserve future warming or to adapt to its expected consequences.

Purpose

          To explain the process involved in the information of  how Global Warming occur.

Generic Structure

          1. General Statement

                   Global warming is the increase in the average temperature of the earth’s near-surface air and ocens in recent decades and its projected continuation. The global average air temperature near the erth’s surface 0.74 ± 0,18°C (1,33 ± 0,32°F) during the 100 years ending in 2005.

          2. Sequence of Explanation

                   The intergovernmental panel on climate change (IPCC) concludes  “most of  the observed increase in globally averaged temperature s since the mid-20^th century is very likely due to the  observed increase in anthropogenic greenhouse gas concentrations “ via the greenhouse effect. Natural phenomena such as solar variation combined with volcanoes probably

Had a small warming effect from pre-industrial times to  1950 and a small cooling effect from 1950 onward.These basic conclusions have been endorsed by at least 30 scientific societies and academies of scence,including all of the national academies of science of the major industrialized countries.While individual scientists have voiced disagreement with some findings of the IIPC,the  overwhelming majority of scientists working on climate change agree with the IPCC’s main conclusions.

            Climate model projections summarized by the IPCC indicate that average global surface temperature will likely rise a further 1.1 to 6.4⁰C (2.0 to 11..5⁰F) during the 21^st century. The range of values results from the use of differing scenarios of future greenhouse gas emissions as well as models with differing climate sensitivity. Although most studies focus on the period up to 2100, warming and sea level rise are expected to continue for more than a thousand years even if greenhouse gas leves are stabilized. The delay in reaching equilibrium is a resul of the large heat capacity of the oceans.

            Increasing global temperature will cause sea level to rise, and is expected to increase the intensity of extreme weather event and to change the amount and pattern of precipitation. Other effects of global warming include changesin agricultural yields, trade routes, glacier retreat, species extinctions and increases in the ranges of disease vectors.

          3. Closing

                   Remaining scientific uncertainties include the amount of warming expected in the future, and how warming and related changes will vary from region to region around the globe. Most national governments have signed and ratified the Kyoto protocol aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions, but there is ongoing political and public debate worldwide regarding what, if any, action should be taken to reduce or reserve future warming or to adapt to its expected consequences.

                  

Language Features

          1. Using Simple Present Tense (Verb 1)

                   is, use, are, focus on, include, increase.

          2. Using Passive Voice (to be + Verb 3)

                   is expected, should be taken, have been endorsed, are expected to.

          3. Using Action Verbs

                   Concludes, cause, sign, take.

          4. Using Conjunction of time and cause effect

                   While, next, then, such as.

          5. Using Noun Phrase

                   - The Earth’s near surface air and oceans,

                   - Natural phenomena such as solar variation combined with                                 volcanoes,

                   - Increasing global temperature

          6. Using Adverbial Phrase
                   - in recent decades and its projected continuation

                   - including all of the national academies of science of the major                                      industrialized country           

                   - the large heat capacity of the oceans

                   - some findings of the IPCC

          7. Using General and Abstract Noun

                   Global warming, Air, Climate, Temperature.